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Author Topic:   48bit etc..
cristian_vogel
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posted 09 April 2007 08:50         Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I having a discussion over at the Tweaky with CAG about mastering...

and was thinking if the 48 and 64 bit floating point resolution boasted by some AU mastering plugs and high end digital mastering hardware and workstations, could be something that Kyma could be capable of in the future?

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tuscland
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posted 09 April 2007 11:52         Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Hi Cristian,

Internal processing of the DSP is 56 bits.
When data is shared between them, it is 24 bits.
The resolution is really really good!


Cam

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cristian_vogel
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posted 10 April 2007 04:59         Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
So does that mean that the floating point maths is 56 bit, but the audio itself is 24 bits?


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tuscland
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posted 10 April 2007 05:44         Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Yes, the DSP compute data with 56 bits precision for their internal tasks, but they use fixed point arithmetic instead of floating point arithmetic, which does not change the quality of the sound in the end. The output signal is then 24 bits, which means that between two prototypes in the signal graph, the signal is 24 bits.

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jesges
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posted 10 April 2007 12:35         Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Actual ProTools internal resolution it's 48 bit fixed... the 56 bit of Kyma are excellent for mastering. Also, sometimes ago I have dreamed to make a "Kyma Digital Mixer" with four Capybaras.... It it's better that ProTools
Most important that the internal resolution it's the algorithm construction. I have tested 64 bit internal plug-ins that sounds very very bad.

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jesges
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posted 10 April 2007 13:13         Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
>The output signal is then 24 bits, which means that between two prototypes in the signal >graph, the signal is 24 bits.

Maybe I'm wrong, but my concept about how Kyma manages the prototypes it's like "pieces of code", so when we insert a prototype in the path it's like we insert some lines of code in a script. When we do Play the script it's loaded in Capybara. So, in my opinion, the only time we have 24 bit it's at the digital output (and input). All the audio processing "between" prototypes it's 56 bit. A prototype it's a "visual metaphore" of some lines of code.

Modular systems and plug-ins in a sequencer or mastering software work like you say, as "independent" sources of processing, each one with their arithmetic resolution and dithering.
A consequence of this modular architecture it's that each process add delay and noise (dithering).
In Kyma, as I understand it, you add only processes, lines of code, and the result of this script it is applied to each sample.

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tuscland
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posted 10 April 2007 16:14         Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
hi jesges,

your metaphor sounds right, but unfortunately it is not how DSP 56300 processors works. Their arithmetic and logical unit (ALU) have 24 bits registers and 56 bits accumulators. Roughly, it means that internal processing in done in 56 bits, and errors are "accumulated" in those 56 bits accumulators. The 56 bits processing is used internally for a single assembly call (correct me if I'm wrong), which means that a single prototype which uses many assembly calls, is always 24 bits on input and output.

But there's no need to worry because 24 bits is really more than enough, when you consider the quality of the algorithms that Kurt and Carla have written. This is what really cares.

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jesges
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posted 11 April 2007 12:09         Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Thanks Camille, now I understand it better.

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gelauffc
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posted 14 April 2007 02:51         Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
quote:
Originally posted by tuscland:
56 bits processing is used internally for a single assembly call (correct me if I'm wrong), which means that a single prototype which uses many assembly calls, is always 24 bits on input and output.

But there's no need to worry because 24 bits is really more than enough, when you consider the quality of the algorithms that Kurt and Carla have written. This is what really cares.


This is correct! Although depending on your algorithm it could well be you need to save a 24 bits as temperary result and continue with this. As long as the programmer is aware of this and designs his algorithm correctly there is no audible problem. In audio coding one has +/- 4 or 5 bits per subsample and one can not hear the difference...
For most algorithms 24 bits is more then enough, although I often run into the question, should this be done in 24 bit or 48 bit. For example my LowPass2nd_order uses 48 bit delays in the feedback of the filter to allow high Q values up to 128 (=+/-42dB). If a programmer would program this with 24 bits, the filter would not output anything!

As a user of kyma you should not worry about this! 24 bit => 120 dB, in practical terms this means with 20 dB headroom a signal of 100 dB has noise on level at threshold of our hearing. It means this will 100% be masked! Use your ears.

For a programmer of the algorithms it would however be handy to have 48 bits or even floating point numbers, the fixed point can be a p...in the a.. In other architectures it is just handy to work with another amount of bits. The commercial guys just promote this without knowing if it helps at all.

[This message has been edited by gelauffc (edited 14 April 2007).]

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tuscland
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posted 15 April 2007 15:31         Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Hey Cristiaan !
Very interesting answer, thanks ;-)


Cam

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